我国4省养殖中华绒螯蟹中甲基汞的污染特征及健康风险评价

Levels of methylmercury and health risk assessment in Eriocheir sinensis from 4 provinces of China

目的评估我国江苏、湖北、安徽和辽宁4省养殖的中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)中甲基汞(methylmercury,MeHg)的含量水平和食用安全风险。方法利用原子荧光形态分析仪检测4省14个地市养殖的135份人工养殖中华绒螯蟹MeHg的含量。采用单因子污染指数法(single-factor pollution index,Pi)评价样品中MeHg的污染程度,通过计算膳食暴露量和目标风险系数(target hazard quotient,THQ),开展食用安全性评估。结果采集中华绒螯蟹样品MeHg的含量范围为ND(未检出)~133.1μg/kg,检出率91.1%。所有样品MeHg的含量均在国家标准规定的限量值范围以内。膳食暴露评估结果表明,MeHg的成人每周摄入量(estimated weekly intakes,EWI)低于食品添加剂联合专家委员会(Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives,JECFA)推荐的成人每周可耐受摄入量(provisional tolerable weekly intake,PTWI)。样品MeHg的THQ值介于0.009~0.288之间,均小于1。结论4省采集的中华绒螯蟹样品MeHg的含量较低,食用4省养殖中华绒螯蟹摄入MeHg对消费者没有明显的健康风险。

Objective To explore the content of methylmercury(MeHg) in farmed Eriocheir sinensis from Jiangsu, Hubei, Anhui, and Liaoning Provinces of China and to discuss the safety risk for human consumption of MeHg. Methods Atomic fluorescence spectrometry was applied to determine the MeHg content in the farmed Eriocheir sinensis from 14 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu, Hubei, Anhui, and Liaoning Provinces of China. MeHg contamination was assessed by single-factor pollution indices(Pi), and the safety risk for human consumption of MeHg was evaluated by exposure assessment and target hazard quotient(THQ). Results The detection rate of MeHg in all the Eriocheir sinensis samples was 91.1%, and the concentration was in the range of undetected(ND)-133.1 μg/kg, meeting the limit value in the national standard. Exposure assessment revealed the adult estimated weekly intake(EWI) of MeHg was lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intake(PTWI) recommended by the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives(JECFA) of Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization. Moreover, THQ values of MeHg in the sample range from 0.009 to 0.288, all of which were less than 1.Conclusion The MeHg levels in the farmed Eriocheir sinensis samples from Jiangsu, Hubei, Anhui, and Liaoning Provinces of China are low without posing a significant risk for human consumption.