论王羲之父子“内擫外拓”笔法与天道观关系

On the Relationship between Wang Xizhi and His Son's Writing Techniques of"Tension and Relaxation"and the View of Heaven

在中国书法文化史上,王羲之、王献之既是影响一时的天师道道教徒,又是显赫千秋的书法家。后人用“内擫外拓”区分二王用笔特征,其实,这是一个用笔体系,不可分割。大王侧重内擫,兼用外拓,小王侧重外拓,兼用内擫。然而,对这一笔法的研究,至今没有深入到位。文章运用中国哲学“体用”论分析这一笔法所蕴含的天道双螺旋结构,揭示二王作为天师道教徒,在其书法创作寄托了天道精神,所谓“书以载道”也。

In the history of Chinese calligraphy culture,Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi are not only heavenly masters and Taoists,but also prominent calligraphers for thousands of years.Later generations used"tension and relaxation"to distinguish the characteristics of their techniques of writing.In fact,they both belong to a pen system and inseparable.Wang Xizhi focuses more on tension than relaxation,while Wang Xianzhi focuses more on relaxation than tension.However,the research on these writing techniques has not been in place so far.Using the theory of"body and function"of Chinese philosophy,this paper analyzes the double helix structure of heaven's Tao contained in these writing techniques,and reveals that Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi,as heavenly masters and Taoists,repose the spirit of heaven's Tao in their calligraphy creation.The so-called"book carries Tao"makes sense.