辣椒低山工厂育苗二高山移栽可行性及CO_(2)减排研究

Study on Feasibility and CO_(2) Emission Reduction of Seedling Raising in Low Mountain Factory Transplanted in 800-1200 Meters High Mountain

为探索低山工厂育苗替代二高山农民自育苗的可行性,通过不同播期对比试验,不同辣椒类型品种对比试验和大面积生产试验,检验了低山工厂苗在二高山移栽的适应性和丰产性及CO_(2)减排效应。结果表明:低山工厂苗不仅完全适应二高山区环境,且各项试验均实现大幅增产,其中大面积生产试验中辣椒667 m2产量为2618.8 kg,较农民自育苗增产1035.4 kg,增产率达65.4%;同时,针对二高山辣椒工厂育苗增加的燃料成本和CO_(2)排放情况进行建模测算,以育苗18万株的长120 m、高3.5 m、弓长8 m的塑料大棚为模型,测算出该模型大棚内温度较棚外高6℃并维持60 d,需要燃煤10 t、支出15488元,CO_(2)排放量高达24.8 t;而低山模型大棚育苗不需加热,只需运输燃油支出1548元,CO_(2)排放量仅为0.405 t。

In order to explore the feasibility of planting seedlings in low-mountain factory instead of farmers'self-cultivation in the 800-1200 m high mountain,the adaptability,yielding ability and CO_(2)emission reduction effects of planting seedlings in low-mountain factory transplanted in the 800-1200 m high mountain were tested through contrast experiment of different sowing date and different types of pepper cultivars and large-scale production.The results showed that the low mountain factory seedlings not only fully adapted to the environment of the 800-1200 m high mountain areas,but also achieved a substantial increase yield in each experiment.The yield of pepper in the large-scale production experiment was 2618.8 kg per 667 m2,which was 1035.4 kg higher than that of the farmer's self-cultivation seedlings with a yield increase rate of 65.4%.At the same time,the model of increased fuel costs and CO_(2)emissions of the pepper seedling planting in 800-1200 m high mountain were calculated.Taking the plastic greenhouse with a length of 120 m,a height of 3.5 m and a bow length of 8 m for the seedling raising of 180000 plants as the model,it was calculated that the temperature in the greenhouse of this model was 6℃higher than that outside for 60 days,which required 10 t of coal burning and an expenditure of 15488 yuan,and CO_(2) emissions were as high as 24.8 t.However,planting seedlings in the low-mountain greenhouse of this model required no heating,only 1548 yuan of fuel expenditure for transportation,and only 0.405 t of CO_(2) emissions.