miRNA与视网膜母细胞瘤耐药相关性的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between miRNA and drug resistance in retinoblastoma

视网膜母细胞瘤(retinpblastorua,RB)是婴幼儿最常见的眼内恶性肿瘤,严重威胁患儿的视功能及生命安全。化疗是RB临床治疗的重要手段,但产生化疗耐药性是造成RB治疗失败的重要原因。微小RNA(miRNA)是一类长约21~23个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA,能在转录后水平调控靶基因的表达,目前已成为肿瘤研究的热点之一。miRNA在肿瘤中表达具有组织特异性,能够参与不同肿瘤的发生发展过程。近年来研究发现,多种miRNA在RB中异常表达,可通过细胞凋亡、药物转运、自噬和长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)等调控机制,参与RB化疗耐药过程。本文对miRNA调控RB耐药的最新研究进行综述,以期为解决RB化疗耐药问题找到新的生物标志物和治疗靶点。

Retinoblastoma(RB)is the most common intraocular malignant tumor in infants,which seriously threatens the visual function and life safety.Chemotherapy is an important means of clinical treatment of RB,but chemoresistance is an important reason for the failure of RB treatment.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)is a kind of small non-coding RNA with a length of about 21~23 nucleotides,which can regulate the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level.At present,it has become one of the hotspots in tumor research.The expression of miRNA in tumors is tissue-specific and can be involved in the occurrence and development of different tumors.In recent years,studies have found that a variety of miRNA are abnormally expressed in RB,which can participate in the process of RB chemotherapy resistance through regulatory mechanisms such as apoptosis,drug transport,autophagy,and long non-coding RNA(lncRNA).This article reviews the latest research on the regulation of RB drug resistance by miRNA,in order to find new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for solving the problem of RB chemotherapy resistance.