昆山市医务人员对围绝经期及绝经激素治疗认知调查

Investigation on cognition of perimenopause and menopausal hormone therapy among medical staff in Kunshan

目的调查昆山市医务人员对围绝经期及绝经激素治疗(MHT)的认知情况。方法采用自行设计的问卷对昆山市部分医务人员进行调查,了解其对围绝经期症状、MHT作用的认知情况等。结果医务人员认知最多的围绝经期症状为月经紊乱(92.12%),认知最少的症状为阿尔兹海默综合征(25.33%)。除月经紊乱和自主神经功能失调外,妇产科医生对各类围绝经期症状的了解程度均高于非妇产科医生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。西医对睡眠障碍、性欲下降、性交痛、精神神经症状等围绝经期症状的了解程度高于中医,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在对其他症状的了解程度方面,西医虽略高于中医,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MHT最为医务人员所熟知的作用是改善围绝经期症状(87.62%),了解最少的作用为降低阿尔兹海默综合征风险(34.33%)。在对MHT各项作用的了解程度上,妇产科医生均高于非妇产科医生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但在改善围绝经期症状、预防和治疗骨质疏松、预防和治疗泌尿生殖道萎缩这三项了解程度最高的作用方面,医生与护士、医技及行政管理人员比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各类医务人员选择最多的是口服激素治疗(58.16%),其次为中药及中成药(57.97%),仅有少量人员选择保健品(7.32%)及不治疗(4.69%)。妇产科医生对口服激素及外用雌激素治疗的推荐程度更高,非妇产科医生及护士、医技人员更倾向于使用中药及中成药治疗,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相较于护士、医技和行政管理人员,心理治疗也是临床医生较为推荐的治疗方式,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。西医更推荐口服激素治疗,中医更倾向于使用中药及中成药治疗,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但中西医在其他治疗手段的推荐程度方面,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论昆山市部分医务人员对围绝经期及MHT的认知尚可,但仍需加强相关知识培训。

Objective To investigate the cognition of medical staffon perimenopause and menopausal hormone therapy(MHT)in Kunshan city.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate some medical staffin Kunshan city to understand their cognition of perimenopausal symptoms and the role of MHT.Results The most recognized perimenopausal symptom was menstrual disorder(92.12%),and the least recognized symptom was Alzheimer's syndrome(25.33%).Except for menstrual disorders and autonomic nervous dysfunction,gynecologists had a higher understanding of perimenopausal symptoms than non-gynecologists,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Western medicine had a higher understanding of perimenopausal symptoms such as sleep disorders,decreased libido,dyspareunia,and neuropsychiatric symptoms than traditional Chinese medicine,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);in terms of understanding of other symptoms,western medicine were slightly higher than traditional Chinese medicine,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The most well-known effect of MHT was to improve perimenopausal symptoms(87.62%),and the least known effect was to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's syndrome(34.33%).In terms of understanding of the effects of MHT,obstetricians and gynecologists were higher than non-obstetricians,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);however,there were no significant differences in the improvement of perimenopausal symptoms,prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,prevention and treatment of urogenital atrophy among doctors and nurses,medical technicians and administrative personnel(P>0.05).Most of the medical workers chose oral hormone therapy(58.16%),followed by traditional Chinese medicine and proprietary Chinese medicine(57.97%),only a small number of people chose health care products(7.32%)and no treatment(4.69%).Obstetricians and gynecologists recommended oral hormone and topical estrogen therapy to a higher degree,and non-obstetricians and gynecologists,nurses and medical technicians were more inclined to use traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese patent medicine for treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with nurses,medical technicians and administrative personnel,psychological treatment was also recommended by clinicians,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Western medicine preferred oral hormone therapy,while traditional Chinese medicine preferred traditional Chinese medicine and proprietary Chinese medicine,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);however,there were no significant differences in the recommendation degree of other treatment methods between Chinese and western medicine(P>0.05).Conclusion The cognition of perimenopause and MHT among some medical staffin Kunshan city is acceptable,but the training of related knowledge still needs to be strengthened.