生殖性人兽混合体培育的刑事规制研究

Study on the Criminal Regulation of Reproductive Human-animal Mixture Breeding

目前国际上普遍采用刑事规制模式禁止开展生殖性人兽混合体培育,我国现行刑法制度存在一定滞后,有必要明确其刑事规制路径。生殖性人兽混合体培育行为可侵害多种社会法益和个人法益,前者包括人的尊严、生物安全和公共卫生管理秩序,后者包括子代和代孕者的生命健康安全。各种具体生殖性人兽混合体培育行为的社会危害性不同,应分别处理:将兽人胞质杂交体胚胎植入人体或动物体内的行为应以非法植入基因编辑、克隆胚胎罪定罪处罚,将嵌合体胚胎植入人体内的行为应以非法行医罪定罪处罚,将嵌合体胚胎植入动物体内的行为不具有刑事可罚性。

At present,the criminal regulation mode is widely used to prohibit the breeding of reproductive human-animal mixture.However,the existing criminal law in China lags behind to some extent,so it is necessary to clarify the criminal regulation path.Reproductive human-animal mixture breeding can infringe on a variety of social and personal legal interests,the former including human dignity,biosafety and public health management order,the latter including the life and health safety of offspring and surrogate mother.The social harm of various specific reproductive human-animal mixture breeding behaviors is different and should be dealt with separately:the act of implantation of cytoplasmic hybrid embryo into human uterus or animal uterus should be punished as the crime of illegal implantation of gene editing and cloning embryo,and the act of implantation of chimeric embryo into human uterus should be punished as the crime of illegal medical practice,and the act of implantation of chimeric embryo into animal uterus is not criminally punishable.