一种高温高压合成钻石原石的宝石学及谱学特征研究

Gemological and Spectral Characteristics of HPHT Synthetic Rough Diamonds

本文研究了杭州华钻新材料科技有限公司生产的一种触媒类型高温高压法(以下简称HPHT)无色合成钻石,希望为后人鉴定及对比研究不同类型HPHT合成钻石提供实验依据。研究结果表明,四颗样品均为以八面体{111}和立方体{100}为主、偏方三八面体{113}和菱形十二面体{110}为辅的聚形晶体,且晶面可见树枝状和蕨叶状花纹、近平行条纹、点状等不规则凹坑、似天然钻石的表面特征、解理面和不同形状的破裂面;样品在Diamond ViewTM下显示极强的蓝色荧光;放大检查可见其内部具有金属触媒包裹体,并在近种晶面(100)存在富集金属触媒元素的黑色包裹体;XRF显示其金属触媒为Fe-Ni体系,推测还添加了“除氮剂”Ca、Ti、Hf及Zr元素;红外光谱显示样品为IIa型并存在与氢元素有关的吸收峰;紫外光谱在液氮环境下检测到270 nm处的微量氮的吸收峰;光致发光谱在532 nm和325 nm激光光源(液氮条件)下检测出了与Ni元素相关的发光峰;拉曼光谱显示样品的拉曼位移的偏移量及半峰宽的宽度与标准钻石的数值偏差较小,说明样品的晶体质量较好。

In this paper,a kind of catalyst type colorless HPHT synthetic diamond made by Hangzhou Huazuan New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.was studied,hoping to provide the experimental basis for the identification and comparative study of different types of HPHT synthetic diamond.Experimental results show that the four samples are composed of octahedron{111},cube{100},trapezohedron{113}and rhombic dodecahedron{110}.Different surface features can be seen on the crystal surface,such as dendritic pattern,fern leaf pattern,almost parallel stripes,dotted and triangular pits,irregular pits,something similar to triangulum,stepped cleavage plane and irregular fracture planes.The samples showed strong blue fluorescence under Diamond ViewTM.Metal catalyst inclusions in the diamond crystal and black inclusions near the crystalline surface(100)can be seen by magnification examination,and the latter one is enriched in the metal elements of catalysts.The XRF analysis shows that Fe and Ni are the main catalysts metal elements,with Ca,Ti,Hf and Zr elements been added as"nitrogen removal agents".IR spectra indicate that the samples belong to IIa type diamond,and there are absorption peaks related to hydrogen element.The absorption peak of trace nitrogen at 270 nm was detected by UV-Vis spectrum with liquid nitrogen.Photoluminescence peaks related to Ni were both detected by 532 nm and 325 nm laser light sources(liquid nitrogen condition).The deviation of Raman displacement and half peak width of the sample demonstrate there are limited difference between the samples and the standard diamond,indicating that the crystal quality of the samples is good.