数字化时代的隐私嬗变与伦理反思

Privacy Evolution and Ethical Reflection in the Digital Age

数字技术的快速发展与全面应用,深刻改变了人类的隐私生活,有可能引发一场前所未有的隐私危机。在隐私空间方面,数字化技术既开辟了虚拟的赛博隐私空间,又改写了现实的传统隐私空间;在隐私形态方面,数字化技术将传统信息隐私数字化,发展出了以比特为基本单位的数字隐私;在隐私价值方面,数字化技术降低了隐私的内在人格价值,突显了隐私的工具财产价值;在隐私侵权方面,数字化技术使隐私侵权日益无人化、无感知化和单向化;在隐私态度方面,数字化技术瓦解了人们的传统隐私观念,开放派与保护派各执一端,而平衡派强调数字技术发展与个人隐私保护之间的平衡。只有清醒认识到数字时代隐私生活的根本变化,才有可能找到维护个人隐私权益的可行路径。

The rapid development and comprehensive application of digital technology have profoundly changed the privacy life,and may cause mankind to fall into a difficult privacy crisis.In terms of privacy space,digital technology not only opens up the virtual cyberspace,but also rewrites the real traditional privacy space;In terms of privacy form,digital technology digitizes information privacy and develops digital privacy;In the aspect of privacy value,digital technology reduces the intrinsic personality value of privacy and highlights the tool property value of privacy;In terms of privacy infringement,digital technology makes privacy infringement increasingly unmanned,non-perceptual and unidirectional;In terms of privacy attitude,the open school and the protection school hold their own views,while the balance school emphasizes the balance between the development of digital technology and the protection of personal privacy.Only when we have a clear understanding of the fundamental changes in privacy life in the digital age can we realize the comprehensive development of personal privacy and human society.