旅游视觉污染:概念界定与类型研究

RESEARCH ON THE CONCEPT AND TYPES OF TOURISM VISUAL POLLUTION

明确旅游视觉污染的概念与类型,有利于为旅游视觉污染的深入研究提供参考。在回顾国内外相关研究的基础上,基于视觉污染的概念研究,将旅游视觉污染定义为旅游地中不和谐的视觉元素导致旅游地视觉质量降低,并引发旅游者视觉杂乱、视觉疲劳等负面视觉体验的现象。然后以20个旅游地的网络评论为分析文本,运用内容分析法,借助Nvivo 12.0软件对网络评论进行编码与词频分析。研究发现,旅游视觉污染可分为环境污染、景观失序、光污染与旅游演艺粗糙4种类型,其中环境污染与景观失序是最典型的旅游视觉污染类型,且20年来,最突出的旅游视觉污染类型逐渐由环境污染向景观失序转变。

Clarifying the concept and type of tourism visual pollution is conducive to providing a reference for the in-depth study of tourism visual pollution.Based on relevant researches on visual pollution at home and abroad,this paper defines tourism visual pollution as a phenomenon in which the disharmonious visual elements in tourist destinations lead to the degradation of visual quality of tourist destinations and the negative visual experiences of tourists,such as visual clutter and visual fatigue.Then,taking the online reviews of 20 tourist destinations as the analysis texts,using the content analysis method,the online comments are coded and word frequency analyzed with the help of Nvivo 12.0 software.The result show that tourism visual pollution can be divided into four types:environmental pollution,landscape disorder,light pollution and rough tourism performance.Among them,environmental pollution and landscape disorder are the most typical types of tourism visual pollution.Moreover,in the past 20 years,the most prominent type of tourism visual pollution has gradually changed from environmental pollution to landscape disorder.