新型给药系统在经皮给药中的研究进展

Research progress of novel drug delivery systems in transdermal drug delivery

随着科学的发展社会的进步,医者与患者对于药品如何降低药物刺激性,减少不良反应、用药次数和提高患者的用药顺应性等方面的要求也越来越高,其中药物剂型的选择成为解决以上问题的的关键。经皮给药具有避免首过效应,减少不良反应、控制药物释放速率等优点,传统的经皮给药剂型(如软膏剂、贴剂等),药物不易透过皮肤组织进入体内血液循环,为了克服药物经皮渗透效率低的缺点,新型给药系统在经皮给药中得到了广泛应用。本文着重介绍脂质体、类脂质体、醇质体、传递体以及微乳等常见新型给药系统在经皮给药方面的研究进展,阐述几种新型药物载体的结构组成、特征、优缺点及其应用现状,为其在临床、药品、美容化妆品中的应用提供理论基础。

With the development of science and the progress of society,the requirements of physicians and patients on how to reduce drug irritations,toxic side effects,the number of doses,improve patient compliance are increasingly higher,in which the choice of drug dosage forms has become the key to solve the above problems.Transdermal drug delivery is believed to have the advantages of avoiding the first-pass effect,reducing toxic side effects and controlling the rate of drug release,etc.However,the traditional transdermal drug delivery forms(such as ointments,patches,etc.)make it diffi cult for drugs to enter the blood circulation through the skin tissues.To overcome the shortcoming of low percutaneous drug penetration effi ciency,new drug delivery systems have been widely used in clinical practice.This paper highlights the research progress of some common novel drug delivery systems such as liposomes,niosomes,ethosomes,transfersomes and microemulsion in the realm of transdermal drug delivery,describes the structural compositions,characteristics,advantages and disadvantages of several novel drug carriers and their current applications,with a view of providing a theoretical basis for their application in clinical practice,medicines and cosmetics.