乌裕尔河流域降水量空间插值方法比较研究

Comparative Study on Spatial Interpolation Methods for Precipitation Data in the Wuyuer River Basin

掌握详细且准确的空间降水信息关乎着区域的气候变化和可持续发展,然而气象观测站分布稀疏,为区域的降水量插值带来了巨大的挑战。本研究以黑龙江省乌裕尔河流域北安段2010—2021年15个气象站点的月降水量为基础数据,分别应用反距离权重法(IDW)、普通克里金法(OK)、样条函数法(Spline)、Anusplin插值法(Anusplin)4种插值方法对气象数据进行了插值,并对区域和各站的插值误差进行了统计分析,结果表明:从整体上看,Anusplin插值效果优于IDW、Spline、OK;从研究区域各个站点来看,不同站点的最优插值方法存在站点和季节差异。以高程为协变量的Anusplin插值法适用于地形较为复杂的研究区,这对我国其他地区插值方法的研究具有一定借鉴意义。

Mastering detailed and accurate spatial information of precipitation is related to climatic changes and sustainable developments,but the meteorological observation stations in China distribute scarcely,and it leads to an enormous challenge for spatial interpolation in precipitation.Based on the monthly precipitation of fifteen stations in Bei'an section of the Wuyuer River Basin in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2021,the four spatial interpolation methods Inverse Distance Weight(IDW),Ordi⁃nary Kriging(OK),Spline and Anusplin were applied to calculate meteorological data,and the interpola⁃tion errors of regions and stations were statistically analyzed.On the whole,Anusplin is better than IDW,Spline,OK;From the perspective of stations,The optimal interpolation method is not the same on the sta⁃tions and seasons.The Anusplin method based on elevation was more suitable for the areas with sophisti⁃cated terrain,which has certain reference significance for the study of interpolation methods in other re⁃gions of China.