不同辅料对热水解厨余废弃物好氧发酵过程理化性状和微生物菌群的影响

Effect of different additives on physicochemical properties and microflora during aerobic fermentation of thermal hydrolysis kitchen waste

本文对经过热水解预处理的厨余废弃物与3种不同辅料进行好氧发酵对比研究,测定热水解后厨余废弃物分别以花生壳、玉米秆和玉米芯作为辅料好氧发酵过程中温度、pH、有机质和GI的动态变化,并对3种辅料高温发酵处理阶段样品进行高通量测序,鉴定不同辅料高温区优势菌群.结果表明,花生壳对热水解后厨余废弃物处理效果优于玉米秆和玉米芯.高温发酵阶段样品高通量测序结果显示,门分类水平下花生壳、玉米秆和玉米芯的3种辅料堆体中优势菌群具有相似性,样本丰度大于0.01的细菌菌门共4个,分别为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota);属分类水平下各组优势细菌菌属存在差异,其中花生壳处理组适宜添加的主要细菌菌属为黄杆菌属、魏斯氏菌属、鞘氨醇杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属;玉米秆处理组适宜添加的主要细菌菌属为芽胞杆菌属、魏斯氏菌属、葡萄球菌属、肠杆菌属、小短杆菌属和短芽孢杆菌属;玉米芯处理组适宜添加的主要细菌菌属为:不动杆菌属、乳杆菌属、魏斯氏菌属、库特氏菌属和肠球菌属.

In this paper,a comparative study was conducted on the aerobic fermentation of kitchen waste pretreated by thermal hydrolysis and three different additives,the dynamic changes of temperature,pH,organic matter and GI of kitchen waste after thermal hydrolysis were measured during aerobic fermentation with peanut shell,corn stalk and corn cob as additives,and highthroughput sequencing was performed on the samples of the three additives in the high temperature fermentation stage to identify the dominant bacterial community in the high temperature region of different additives.The results showed that the treatment effect of peanut shell on kitchen waste after thermal hydrolysis was better than that of corn stalk and corn cob.The results of high-throughput sequencing of samples at the high temperature fermentation stage showed that the dominant bacterial communities of peanut shell,corn stalk and corn cob were similar at the gate classification level.There were four bacterial phylas with a sample abundance greater than 0.01 which are Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota and Actinobacteriota.At the level of genus classification,there were differences among the dominant bacterial genera in each groups.The main bacterial genera suitable for peanut shell treatment group were Flavobacterium,Weissella,Sphingobacterium and Bacillus.The suitable bacterial species in corn stalk treatment group were Bacillus,Weissella,Staphylococcus,Enterobacter,Brevibacterium and Brevibacterium.The main bacteria suitable to be added in corn cob treatment group were Acinetobacter,Lactobacillus,Weissella,Kurthia and Enterococcus.