从“帐篷话剧”到华北电影队:1930-1940年代晋察冀根据地流动的文化传播实践

From “Tent Drama” to North China Film Team: Cultural Communication Practice in the Shanxi Chahar Hebei Base Area from 1930 to 1940

本文以晋察冀根据地时期的抗敌剧社的帐篷话剧和华北电影队为例,来考察根据地时期形成的一种特殊的文化传播模式。为了适应农村演出的环境,抗敌剧社创造了“帐篷话剧”的形式,便于演员演出和满足机动的战时文化传播需要。这种演出形式影响到华北电影队,华北电影队被誉为“一辆马车上的电影制片厂”,是战争状态下塑造出来的一种在流动中完成电影拍摄、电影制作和电影放映的文化生产模式。通过阐释“帐篷话剧”与华北电影队的内在关系,总结根据地时期话剧和电影生产、演出的历史经验,从媒介技术改造和主体改造两个层面探究根据地时期文艺宣传的常规模式。

This paper takes the anti enemy drama club and the North China film team in the Jin Cha Ji base area as examples to investigate a special cultural communication mode formed in the base area. In order to adapt to the rural performance environment, the anti enemy drama club created the form of “tent drama” to facilitate the performance and mobility of actors. This form of performance has affected the North China film team, which is known as the “film studio on a wagon”. It is a cultural production mode created under the state of war to complete film shooting,film production and film screening in the flow. By explaining the internal relationship between “tent drama” and North China film team, this paper summarizes the historical experience of drama and film production and performance in the base area, and explores the conventional mode of literary and artistic publicity in the base area from the two aspects of media technology transformation and subject transformation.