采用自约束结构炸药的铜/钢爆炸焊接

Copper/Steel Explosive Welding with Self-Constrained Structural Explosives

为了提高爆炸能量的利用率,减少焊接药量,提出采用自约束结构炸药进行爆炸焊接。采用T2铜板和Q345钢板分别作为复板和基板,通过理论计算得到T2/Q345爆炸焊接窗口。采用双层蜂窝结构炸药作为自约束结构焊接炸药,对T2铜与Q345钢的爆炸焊接进行了试验研究。通过力学性能测试和显微组织观察,研究了T2/Q345复合板的结合性能。结果表明:与爆速为2505和3512 m·s^(-1)的单层炸药相比,T2/Q345复合板爆炸焊接采用的双层蜂窝结构炸药量分别减少了54.4%和31.4%;随着传播距离的增加,复合板的结合界面由直线结合向波状结合转变。复合板的抗拉剪切强度为237.0 MPa,满足T2/Q345复合板的结合强度要求。爆炸产生的硬化发生在结合界面附近,采用双层蜂窝结构炸药爆炸焊接得到的T2/Q345复合板具有良好的结合性能。

In order to improve the utilization rate of explosive energy and reduce the amount of welding charge,self-constrained structure explosive was proposed to carry out explosive welding.A T2 copper plate and a Q345 steel plate were used as base layer and flyer layer,respectively,and T2/Q345 explosive welding window was obtained through theoretical calculation.An experimental study on explosive welding of T2 copper and Q345 steel was carried out with double-layer honeycomb structure explosive as selfconstrained welding energy.The bonding properties of the clad plate were studied by mechanical property testing and microstructure observation.The results show that compared with single-layer explosive with detonation velocity of 2505 and 3512 m·s-1,the charge of double-layer honeycomb structure explosive used in T2/Q345 explosive welding can be saved by 54.4%and 31.4%,respectively.The bonding interface of the clad plate transforms from straight to wavy as the propagation distance increases.The tensile shear strength of the clad plate is 237.0 MPa,meeting the requirements of bonding strength of T2/Q345 clad plate.Explosion hardening occurs near the bonding interface.The T2/Q345 clad plate obtained by explosive welding with double-layer honeycomb structure explosive has good bonding property.