胎儿超声心动图指征在先天性心脏病产前诊断中的应用价值

Application value of fetal echocardiography indications in prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease

胎儿先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease,CHD)的产前超声准确诊断是其相关遗传变异和相关母体疾病的诊断基础,尤其对于降低新生儿死亡率至关重要。但对超声图像特征的单纯定性诊断难以满足上述需求。需要对疾病开展多维度诊断,包括结构畸形的病理改变、血流动力学及遗传和母体疾病检测等在内的精准诊断,以便实施精准的临床路径搭建和有效及时救治。现针对胎儿CHD产前超声心动图指征对疾病的精准诊断作用进行总结及阐述。

Accurate prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease(CHD)is the basis for the diagnosis of CHD-related genetic variation and related maternal diseases,and it is especially important for reducing neonatal mortality. However,the simple qualitative diagnosis based on ultrasound image features can’t meet the needs of the accurate diagnosis of CHD. Multi-dimensional diagnosis of CHD is needed,including pathological changes caused by structural malformations,hemodynamics,detection of genetic and maternal diseases,and other accurate diagnosis,which is essential in establishing accurate clinical pathways and effective and timely treatment. This article summarizes and expounds the role of prenatal echocardiography indications in the accurate diagnosis of fetal CHD.