论数字资产的财物属性

On the Nature of Digital Assets as Properties

法律意义上的财产概念具有开放性,并且呈现出脱实向虚的扩张趋势,这为容纳区块链私人数字资产提供了极大空间。在法理方面,区块链私人数字资产成为法律财产满足其应具备的条件。在合法性方面,相关法律法规并未禁止民间个人对区块链私人数字资产的持有与合法流转。从区块链技术与社会创新进步的角度来看,应承认数字资产的合法性,区块链私人数字资产是合法受保护的私有财产。区块链私人数字资产在民法上属于网络虚拟财产与物权之“物”,将其纳入刑法财物范畴并无概念与性质方面的障碍。区块链私人数字资产本身所具有的电磁数据属性以及罪刑法定原则、犯罪数额难以认定等因素,均难以对数字资产的财物属性的认定造成影响。

The concept of property in the legal sense is open,and its scope expands from real things to virtual ones,which creates great space for private digital assets in blockchain.With respect to jurisprudence,to become the properties in the legal sense,such assets should have the required conditions.In respect of legality,the relevant laws and regulations do not forbid people to possess and transfer these assets.From the perspective of the progress in blockchain technology and social innovation,the legality of digital assets should be recognized and the private assets in blockchain are private properties protected by law.The private digital assets in blockchain are categorized as things in virtual network as it is referred in civil law,and there is no difficulty in incorporating them into the scope of criminal law whether in conceptual definition or determination of nature.The attributes of private digital assets in blockchain,such as electromagnetic data,the principle of legality and the difficulty in determining the amount of crime,do not fundamentally influence the determination of them as properties.