唐圭璋批评王国维和现代词派析论

On Tang Guizhang’s Criticism of Wang Guowei and the Modern Ci School

唐圭璋是现当代词学大师,也是民国时期传统词派的主将。清末及民国初期,王国维的《人间词话》以及现代词派词学兴起,并展开了对传统词学的批评。唐圭璋对《人间词话》和现代派的词学观点进行了批驳。唐圭璋继承并发展了常州词派、晚清四大家的词学思想,坚持“重拙大”的论词宗旨,指出《人间词话》的境界说和隔与不隔之说的理论缺陷,批评“境界”说缺少“情韵”,强调含蓄蕴藉、沉郁顿挫、情景交融的美感,指出王国维的“不隔”乃专尚赋体,以白描为主。唐圭璋回应现代词派对梦窗词雕琢的批评,并对梦窗词的艺术价值作了新的阐释,指出切磋琢磨、始成精品是梦窗词的审美特质。王国维、唐圭璋二人晚年对自己早期词学皆有所反思,体现了大师的风范。唐圭璋是第一个正面、系统对王国维及现代词派进行批评的词学家。

Tang Guizhang was a master of modern and contemporary Ci poetry,and also a leading scholar of the traditional Ci school in the Republic of China.In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,Wang Guowei’s Renjian Cihua and the modern Ci school rose,and launched a criticism of the traditional Ci.Tang Guizhang refuted the viewpoint of Ci studies in Renjian Cihua and the modernist school.Tang Guizhang inherited and developed the thoughts of Changzhou Ci school and the late Qing Dynasty,adhered to the purpose of "emphasizing clumsiness and greatness" and pointed out the theoretical defects of the theory of realm and the theory of separation and non-separation in Wang Guowei’s Renjian Cihua.He also criticized that the theory of "realm" lacks "charm ",just emphasizing the beauty of implication,melancholy,and the blending of feelings and scenes.He also pointed out that Wang Guowei’s "nonseparation" is specialized in the fu style,mainly in line with drawing.Tang Guizhang responded to the criticism of the modern Ci school on the carving of Mengchuang Ci,and made a new interpretation of the artistic value of Mengchuang Ci,pointing out that the aesthetic characteristic of Mengchuang Ci is to learn from each other and has therefore become a masterpiece.Wang Guowei and Tang Guizhang both reflected on the early Ci poetry in their later years,reflecting the style of masters.Tang Guizhang is the first Ci poet who criticized Wang Guowei and the modern Ci school positively and systematically.