题跋文多元价值探论——基于王世贞与徐渭的比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Postscript Writing Between Wang Shizhen and Xu Wei

明代中后期的题跋文逐渐成为文人创作的重要文体与文学批评的重要对象,展现出鲜明的体貌特征与丰富的文学观念。王世贞与徐渭的题跋文创作乃是两种不同类型文人的典型代表,它们既呈现出题跋文体灵活多变的共同倾向,又存在着书写身份及作品体貌的诸多差异。其多元探索与自由发挥,及题跋作品的开放性特征,构成了明代后期题跋文体观念演变的阶段性特征。而二人题跋创作的比较研究,又可展现出明代文学思潮中复古与性灵观念交错互融的发展趋势。兼收并蓄乃是中晚明各种文学思潮与观念形态的突出特征,王世贞与徐渭的题跋文创作及观念,可谓此种现象之集中体现。

Postscript played an important role especially in the prevalence of the essays in the Ming Dynasty.With the analysis of the writers’ and selectors’ conception about postscripts,the stylistic awareness and the conception of articles in the Ming Dynasty will be discussed.The postscript writing between Wang Shizhen and Xu Wei shows a common tendency to be flexible and changeable of the stylistic features,and many differences in the identity of writing and the appearance of creation as well.Through the comparative study of the postscript writing of them,the stylistic features of postscript,and the compromise and interlocking relationships which belong to the strict differentiation of styles and the emphasis on spirituality in the Ming Dynasty will be discovered.The phenomenon in the history of Chinese literature is significant.It reflects the clear understanding of postscript’s independence and function.Meanwhile,the complex conception of articles in the Ming Dynasty is expressed,which refers to the strict differentiation of styles and the emphasis on spirituality.At last a systematical presentation of the stylistic features and concepts of postscript in the middle and late Ming Dynasty will be offered in this article.