大数据时代下个人信息保护中的国家角色嬗变

National Governance Path in Personal Information Protection in the Era of Big Data

本文以多元主义理论的视角,分析了工商业时代以来国家角色在个人信息利益关系变迁之中的转变。文章发现,自个人信息利益关系初步形成以来的国家收缩在进入数字化技术深入发展的时期之后出现了国家复归的新趋势。这一变化是多元主体无序斗争带来的外在压力和政府行政观念转变导致的内在动力所共同作用的结果。但是,在经历数字化初期,因“内在消解和外在挑战”所导致的“收缩”以后,国家角色的此种“复归”并不是回到政府统御一切的工商业时期,而是在尊重数字化时代多元性的基础之上,以构建数字公民义务、企业信息利用义务和国家保护义务的信息义务体系来寻求一种国家、社会与个人关系之间的平衡。

From the perspective of public governance,this paper analyzes the changes in the role of the state in the changing pattern of personal information interests since the era of industry and commerce.The article finds that the national shrinkage since the initial formation of the personal information interest pattern has appeared a new trend of national reversion after entering the period of in-depth development of digital technology.This change is the result of the combined effect of the external pressure brought about by the disorderly struggle of multiple subjects and the change of the government's administrative concept.However,after experiencing the“responsibility contraction”caused by“internal dissolution and external challenges”in the early stage of digitalization,this“return”of the state's role is not a return to the industrial and commercial period when the state ruled everything,but a respect for digitalization.On the basis of the diversity of the times,it seeks to balance the relationship between the state,society and individuals by building an information obligation system of digital citizenship obligations,corporate information utilization obligations and national protection obligations.