三种商用有机肥中抗生素的污染特征及农用生态风险评价

Distribution,environmental risk,and full-scale assessment of antibiotics in three commercial organic fertilizers

对畜禽粪便制成的三种商用有机肥料进行30种抗生素检测和农用生态风险评估,结果表明,在三种方式制备的有机肥料中,抗生素残留含量最高的分别为OTC土霉素285.15μg/kg(干基)、CIP环丙沙星2.38μg/kg(干基)、CTC金霉素341.86 mg/L。堆肥和炭基肥的RQ<0.1,为低风险,而液肥的RQ值达到0.93,具有中风险,需要进一步优化制备方法,将抗生素残留浓度控制在低生态毒性的范围内。

The concentration and ecological risks of 30 antibiotics in three types of commercial organic fertilizers were assessed.The result showed that the highest levels of residual antibiotics in the organic fertilizer produced by composting,carbonization,and anaerobic treatment were 285.15μg/kg(dry weight)oxytetracycline,2.38μg/kg(dry weight)ciprofloxacin,and 341.86 mg/L chlortetracycline.We observed that the compost and carbon-based organic fertilizer had a risk quotient(RQ)of less than 0.1,indicating a low risk.In contrast,liquid organic fertilizer had a risk quotient(RQ)of 0.93,indicating a medium risk.Moreover,the preparation method of organic fertilizers needs further optimization to minimize the concentration of residual antibiotics within the range of low ecotoxicity.