行政公益诉讼诉前程序重开制度的构建

Construction of the System of Reopening the Pre-litigation Procedure of Administrative Public Interest Litigation

行政公益诉讼诉前程序终结之后,针对同一公益损害问题持续存在或者再次发生应如何处置的问题,现行法律规范并未作出明确规定,司法实践中也存在不同做法。这些不同做法有待理论和制度层面的进一步审视,构建行政公益诉讼诉前程序重开制度能够为该问题的解决提供可行方案。构建该项制度的法理基础在于法的安定性原则的调整适用、司法效率原则、法的正确性原则。具体制度构建方面,应该包括行政公益诉讼诉前程序重开的事由、条件、期限、决定程序和法律效果等内容。重开事由主要包括同一公益损害问题持续存在和再次发生两种情况。重开条件应该作严格限定,只有在公益损害结果、违法主体、违法行为等方面同时符合同一性要求时,才能启动重开程序。重开最长期限应设置为一年为宜。决定程序应针对同一公益损害问题持续存在和再次发生的两种情况作出不同设计。法律效果包括实体法律效果和程序法律效果两个方面。

After the end of the pre-litigation procedure of the administrative public interest litigation,the current legal norms have not made clear provisions on how to deal with the problem of the same public interest damage that continues or recurs,and there are also different practices in judicial practice.However,these different practices need to be further examined at the theoretical and institutional levels.By constructing the system of reopening the pre-litigation procedure of administrative public interest litigation,we can provide a feasible solution to this problem.The jurisprudential basis of this system lies in the adjustment and application of the principle of law stability,the principle of judicial efficiency,and the principle of law correctness.The specific system construction should include the reasons,conditions,time limit,decision procedure and legal effect of the reopening of the pre-litigation procedure of administrative public interest litigation.The reasons for reopening mainly include the continued existence and recurrence of the same public interest damage.The conditions for reopening should be strictly limited.The reopening procedure can be started only when the results of public interest damage,illegal subjects,illegal acts and other aspects meet the requirements of identity at the same time.The longest time limit for reopening should be set to one year.The decision procedure should be designed differently for the two situations that the same public interest damage problem continues to exist and occurs again.Legal effect includes substantive legal effect and procedural legal effect.