印度数字普惠金融发展及其对数字中国建设的经验借鉴

The Development of Digital Financial Inclusion in India and Its Experience in the Construction of Digital China

自21世纪以来,在政府主导下印度探索了一条创建国家生物身份识别系统、构建“JAM”三位一体的数字普惠金融体系、鼓励(减少现金而广泛使用)数字普惠金融交易和制定普惠金融发展国家战略的独具印度特色的数字普惠金融发展路径。印度政府在努力寻求将数字金融惠及社会最贫困阶层、消除人与人之间的数字鸿沟方面取得了显著的发展成效。印度在推动数字普惠金融发展的过程中采取统一支付接口、发展自助组织(SHGs)、采用商务代理(BCs)模式、高度重视金融教育并将其纳入国民教育体系等创性新的经验举措,值得数字中国建设学习与借鉴。

Since the 21st century,under the leadership of the government,India has explored a digital financial inclusion development path with unique Indian characteristics,which is to create a national biometric identification system,build a“JAM”trinity digital financial inclusion system,encourage(reduce cash and widely use)digital financial inclusion transactions,and develop a national strategy for financial inclusion development.The Indian government has made remarkable achievements in seeking to extend digital finance to the poorest sectors of society and to eliminate the digital gap between people.In the process of promoting the development of digital inclusive finance,India has adopted innovative new experience measures such as unified payment interface,development of self-help organizations(SHGs),adoption of business agency(BCs)model,attaching great importance to financial education and incorporating it into the national education system,which are worth learning and reference for the construction of digital China.