滇西北白马雪山长苞冷杉和大果红杉年内径向生长动态及其对环境因子的响应

Intra-annual radial growth of Abies georgei and Larix potaninii and its responses to environmental factors in the Baima Snow Mountain,Northwest Yunnan,China

以滇西北白马雪山亚高山寒温性针叶林的常绿树种长苞冷杉和落叶树种大果红杉为对象,采用高精度生长仪监测了2个树种的年内径向生长动态,分析其径向生长的季节动态特征及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明:大果红杉和长苞冷杉的径向生长主要发生在4—8月,6月是生长最快的时期。与长苞冷杉相比,大果红杉径向生长的开始时间较早,停止生长时间稍晚,其生长季持续时间明显长于长苞冷杉。大果红杉最大生长速率和年生长量均略高于长苞冷杉。长苞冷杉日生长量与降水量呈显著正相关,与饱和水汽压亏缺、空气温度呈显著负相关;而大果红杉的日径向生长量与降水量呈显著正相关,与土壤体积含水量和饱和水汽压亏缺呈显著负相关。长苞冷杉和大果红杉的径向生长均受到水分的限制,大果红杉对水分条件更敏感。在全球变暖的背景下,植物蒸腾作用和土壤蒸发散的增加,可能进一步加剧土壤水分丧失和植物可利用水分下降,进而导致长苞冷杉和大果红杉更易受到干旱胁迫。

Using high-resolution dendrometers,we monitored the intra-annual stem radial variations of Abies georgei and Larix potaninii in the subalpine coniferous forest in Baima Snow Mountain,Northwest Yunnan Province.The seasonal dynamics of stem radial growth of both species and their responses to environmental factors were analyzed.The results showed that the stem radial growth of A.georgei and L.potaninii mainly occurred during April to August,with the maximum growth rate in June.Compared with A.georgei,L.potaninii showed an earlier start but later cessation of stem radial growth,resulting in longer growth duration.Annual radial growth and maximum radial growth rates of L.potaninii were slightly higher than those of A.georgei.Daily growth rate of A.georgei was positively correlated with precipitation,but negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit and air temperature.Daily growth rate of L.potaninii was positively correlated with precipitation,but negatively correlated with soil volume water content and vapor pressure deficit.Radial growth of A.georgei and L.potaninii was limited by water availability,with L.potaninii being more sensitive to moisture.Under the background of global warming,the increase of plant transpiration and soil evaporation might further aggravate soil water loss and reduce water availability for plants,which would make A.georgei and L.potaninii more vulnerable to drought stress.