合肥市十八联圩湿地夏季水体浮游动物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系

Community characteristics of zooplankton and its relationship with environmental factors in Shibalianwei wetland of Hefei City in summer

十八联圩是南淝河在巢湖入湖口区“退耕还湿”形成的一处超大型人工湿地。为了解其浮游动物群落特征及其与水环境因子之间的关系,于2018年6—7月对十八联圩内部和外围水体72个采样点进行采样调查。共鉴定出浮游动物4类114种,其中原生动物36种占32%,轮虫46种占40%,枝角类19种占17%,桡足类13种占11%。十八联圩湿地浮游动物密度主要取决于原生动物和轮虫两类小型动物,并以原生动物最高。Shannon多样性指数表明,十八联圩整体呈现α-中污型,少数河段为β-中污型。典范对应分析表明,总氮、溶氧、活性磷等是影响十八联圩湿地水体浮游动物群落结构的主要环境因子。本研究可为十八联圩湿地建设和生态保护提供参考,同时也为其发挥削减巢湖污染负荷等功能提供了基础资料。

Shibalianwei is a super large constructed wetland located in the estuary of River Nanfei and Lake Chaohu.To clarify the characteristics of zooplankton communities and the relationship between zooplankton and water environmental factors,water samples were collected from 72 sites of Shibalianwei wetland from June to July 2018.A total of 114 zooplankton species were identified,including 36 species of Protozoa(32%),46 species of Rotifera(40%),19 species of Cladocera(17%),and 13 species of Copepoda(11%).The abundance of zooplankton in Shibalianwei wetland was mainly contributed by Protozoa and Rotifer,with the highest contribution of Protozoa.The results of Shannon diversity index showed that the Shibalianwei presented an overall trend ofα-medium pollution type and a few river sites reachedβ-medium pollution.Results of canonical correspondence analysis showed that total nitrogen,dissolved oxygen,and soluble reactive phosphorus were the primary environmental factors affecting zooplankton community structure.Our results provide a reference for the construction and ecological protection of the Shibalianwei wetland as well as essential data for its function of reducing pollution load of Lake Chaohu.