摘要
六价铬[Hexavalent chromium,Cr(Ⅵ)]是一种致癌物,其毒性远大于三价铬,因此会对人体健康和生态环境造成危害。Cr(Ⅵ)污染场地中的细菌主要通过生物还原和生物吸附降低Cr(Ⅵ)的毒性和迁移能力。Cr(Ⅵ)还原细菌的抗性机制与还原过程已被多次讨论,但现有综述还缺乏细菌类别、铬酸盐还原酶活性与吸附机制的总结。因此,本文通过系统发育树展示常见Cr(Ⅵ)还原细菌的类别,归纳细菌的Cr(Ⅵ)还原机制,总结现阶段铬酸盐还原酶的酶活性参数与反应条件,并讨论环境影响因子对细菌Cr(Ⅵ)还原的影响。其次,本文综述了细菌对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附现象与机理。最后,本文对未来细菌修复Cr(Ⅵ)污染的机理研究进行了展望,以期加深对细菌Cr(Ⅵ)还原和吸附过程的了解。
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(Ⅵ)]is a carcinogen with the toxicity far greater than that of trivalent chromium. The Cr(Ⅵ) discharged by electroplating and tanning have adverse effects on human health and eco-environment. The Cr(Ⅵ) resistance mechanism and reduction process of Cr(Ⅵ)-reducing bacteria have been discussed, whereas there is a lack of summary of the species,chromate reductase activity, and adsorption mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ)-reducing bacteria. In this review, we reviewed the recently reported Cr(Ⅵ)-reducing bacteria via a phylogenetic tree, elaborated the mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) reduction by bacteria, summarized the enzymatic parameters and reaction conditions of chromate reductase, and expounded the environmental factors affecting the reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) by bacteria. Further, we clarified the adsorption performance and mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) by bacteria. Finally, we put forward the research prospects on the mechanism of bacterial bioremediation of Cr(Ⅵ) contamination. With this review, we aim to deepen the understanding about the reduction and biosorption processes of Cr(Ⅵ)-reducing bacteria.
作者
施国静
吴效俭
王莹莹
SHI Guojing;WU Xiaojian;WANG Yingying(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria(Ministry of Education),Tianjin 300350,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control,Tianjin 300350,China)
出处
《微生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期4287-4304,共18页
Acta Microbiologica Sinica
基金
天津市自然科学基金重点项目(19JCZDJC39600)。