NLRP3炎症小体在种植体周围炎中的研究进展

Research Progress of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Peri-implantitis

NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3)炎症小体是存在于胞质的多蛋白复合体,其参与机体的固有免疫反应,活化白细胞介素-1β和白细胞介素-18等促炎因子并介导了细胞凋亡,在维持免疫平衡与调控炎症进程等方面具有重要作用。种植体周围炎的发生主要是由于菌斑生物膜与咬合过载引起种植体周围免疫微环境的失衡与破坏。细菌及其毒力因子、金属钛以及咬合过载可以引发NLRP3炎症小体的激活,最终导致种植体周围牙周组织的破坏从而发生种植体周围炎。本文就NLRP3炎症小体在种植体周围炎发生发展过程中的免疫调节作用、激活途径以及调控机制展开综述。

NLRP3 inflammasome is a formation of a cytosolic multiprotein complex,which is involved in innate immune response.NLRP3 can activate proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1βand interleukin-18 and then mediate pyroptosis.It plays an important role in maintaining immune balance and regulating the progression of inflammation.The occurrence of peri-implantitis is mainly due to the imbalance and destruction of the immune microenvironment around the peri-implant caused by oral biofilms and occlusal overload.Bacteria and their virulence factors,titanium particles,and occlusal overload can cause the activation of NLRP3 and eventually destroy periodontal tissues around the peri-implant.This review focuses on the production of NLRP3 in peri-implantitis and its mechanism of causing diseases.