试点政策的模糊性与扩散模式分析——一个新的解释框架与实践样态

Analysis of Ambiguity and Diffusion Patterns of Pilot Policies:A New Interpretive Framework and Practical Modes

政策试点推动了中国改革进程,是理解中国政策扩散的本土化机制。相较于西方联邦制国家分散的政治结构,中国的政策扩散是建立在纵横交织的府际关系基础之上的,央地政府权力处于动态调整过程中。模糊性是政府在制定和执行公共政策过程中无法回避的客观事实,将其嵌入政策扩散,就为解释政策属性与扩散模式之间的关系提供了一个新的观察视角。根据政策模糊性这一属性,将试点政策的扩散模式分为倡议式、扩张式、驱动式、互动式四种类型,可以了解不同类型扩散模式的内涵和逻辑。

Policy piloting has promoted China’s reform process and is a localization mechanism for understanding China’s policy diffusion.Compared with the decentralized political structure of Western federal countries,China’s policy diffusion is based on intertwined intergovernmental relations,and the power of the central and local governments is in the state of dynamic adjustment.Ambiguity is an objective fact that governments cannot avoid in the process of formulating and implementing public policies,and embedding it in policy diffusion provides a new perspective for explaining the relationship between policy attributes and diffusion patterns.According to the attribute of policy ambiguity,the diffusion pattern of pilot policies is divided into four types:initiative type,expansion type,driven type,and interactive type,so as to understand the connotation and logic of different diffusion patterns.