遥感技术在中国地质灾害中的应用

Application of Remote Sensing to Geological Hazards in China

地质灾害的频繁发生严重威胁人民群众的生命财产安全,制约区域经济的发展。近些年随着遥感技术的进步与发展,遥感在我国地质灾害中的应用日益频繁,作用亦是愈加重要,将遥感技术应用到地质灾害的调查和监测中,可以快速地掌握受灾区域的实际情况,及时监测灾情的变化趋势。探讨了卫星遥感技术、InSAR技术、航空遥感技术各自在地质灾害应用中的特点,对三者在地质灾害中的应用现状进行了总结,并分别指出其存在的问题,展望了未来在地质灾害中灾情获取、灾后处置等领域的发展动向,以供相关研究人员作为参考。从卫星遥感技术、InSAR技术、航空遥感技术在我国地质灾害的应用和发展进程来看,三者已处在广泛的业务应用阶段,可为我国今后的地质灾害调查、监测、预警等工作做出重要贡献。

The frequent occurrence of geological disasters seriously threatens the safety of people′s lives and property and restricts the development of regional economy.With the progress and development of remote sensing technology in recent years,the application of remote sensing in geological disasters in China has become more frequent and more important.The application of remote sensing technology to the investigation and monitoring of geological disasters can quickly grasp the actual situation of the affected areas and monitor the change trend of the disaster situation in a timely manner.This paper discusses the characteristics of satellite remote sensing technology,InSAR technology and aerial remote sensing technology in geohazard applications,summarizes the current situation of their applications in geohazards,points out their problems and foresees the future development trends in the fields of disaster acquisition and post-disaster management of geohazards for the reference of relevant researchers.From the application and development process of satellite remote sensing technology,InSAR technology and airborne remote sensing technology in geological disasters in China,the three are already at the stage of extensive operational application and can make important contributions to the future geological disaster investigation,monitoring and early warning work in China.