我国农业农村现代化评价指标体系研究

Study on the construction of an evaluation index system for agricultural and rural modernization in China

加快推进农业农村现代化是中国特色社会主义现代化建设的新方略与新目标。科学合理的农业农村现代化评价指标体系,既是评价我国农业农村现代化总体进展的标尺,又是检视短板弱项的工具,有助于平稳有序推进我国农业农村现代化进程。本文基于农业农村现代化的时代内涵,构建农业农村现代化评价指标体系,结合我国农业农村实际,探讨实现农业农村现代化的目标。研究表明,农业农村现代化由农业现代化和农村现代化2个一级指标构成。农业现代化发展水平评价指标包含农业产业体系、农业生产体系、农业经营体系、农业产出水平、农业可持续发展、农业科技与政策支撑6个二级指标22个具体指标,农村现代化发展水平评价指标包含农村基础设施、农村居民生活质量、农村教育文化、农村治理、农村社会发展5个二级指标17个具体指标,由此建立了一套包括3个层次共39项具体指标的农业农村现代化评价指标体系。在此基础上,借鉴发达国家和国内发达地区建设经验,并结合我国农业农村实际发展情况,设定39个具体指标在2035年基本实现和2050年全面实现两个阶段的农业农村现代化目标值。

Accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas is a new strategy and the goal of the modernization of socialism with Chinese characteristics.A scientific and well-designed evaluation index system of agricultural and rural modernization is not only a standard to evaluate the overall progress of agricultural and rural modernization in China,but also a tool to review the shortcomings and weaknesses,which helps to promote the process of agricultural and rural modernization in China smoothly and orderly.Based on the contemporary connotation of agricultural and rural modernization,this paper constructs an evaluation index system of agricultural and rural modernization and discusses the goal of realizing agricultural and rural modernization based on the actual conditions of agriculture and rural areas in China.In this study,agricultural and rural modernization consists of 2 first-level indicators,including agricultural modernization and rural modernization.The evaluation indexes of the development level of agricultural modernization also include 6 secondary indicators,including agricultural industry system,agricultural production system,agricultural operation system,agricultural output level,sustainable agricultural development,agricultural technology,and support policy,and 22 specific indicators.The development level of rural modernization includes 5 secondary indicators,including rural infrastructure,rural residents’life quality,rural education and culture,rural governance,and rural social development and 17 specific indicators.In total,39 specific indicators are employed for this study.Based on the construction experience of developed countries and some developed regions in China and considering the actual development of China’s agriculture and rural areas,this study explores target values of 39 specific indicators for the basic realization in 2035 and the full realization of agricultural and rural modernization in 2050.