高比例可再生能源接入下电力系统惯量研究综述及展望

Review and prospect of research on power system inertia with high penetration of renewable energy source

在碳达峰和碳中和目标的推动下,高比例可再生能源接入导致新型电力系统的低惯量特征突出。为保障电网安全稳定运行、支撑可再生能源消纳,对电力系统惯量相关领域的研究进行综述与展望。阐述电力系统惯量的内涵,探讨传统惯量、虚拟惯量和等效惯量间的关系,剖析虚拟惯量控制的物理意义。从惯量来源的角度总结风机、光伏和储能等虚拟惯量控制技术的研究动态及成果,并对电力系统惯量评估方法进行归纳梳理。总结电力系统惯量相关领域中亟待研究的重点内容并给出建议。

With the aim of carbon peak and carbon neutrality,the integration of high-proportion renewable energy sources(RESs)makes the low-inertia characteristic of the new power system more obvious.In order to ensure power system security and stability,and support the integration of RESs,the research on the power system inertia was reviewed and prospected.The essence of the power system inertia was introduced,and the correlation among the conventional inertia,virtual inertia and equivalent inertia was discussed,on which the physical significance of the virtual inertia was revealed.From the viewpoints of the sources of inertia,the research on the virtual inertia control of the wind machine,photovoltaic generation,and energy storage system was summarized.Additionally,the assessment methods of power system inertia were reviewed.The important issues to be focused in the research area of power system inertia were summarized,and the suggestions for further studies were provided.