改良穿刺针应用于脑室储液囊外引流的效果研究

Study on the Effect of Modified Puncture Needle Applied to External Drainage of Cerebral Ventricular Reservoir

目的:探讨改良穿刺针应用于脑室储液囊外引流的效果。方法:选取2020年1月~2021年12月本院神经外科因疾病导致需进行脑室储液囊置入的患者100例,根据脑室储液囊外引流首次穿刺时间进行分组,分为对照组50例,试验组50例,对照组按照传统方法采用一次性静脉输液头皮针进行脑室储液囊穿刺外引流,试验组采用改良穿刺针即思乐扣组合头皮针进行脑室储液囊穿刺外引流,比较两组患者脑室储液囊外引流穿刺置管固定时间、非计划拔管发生率、颅内感染以及由于穿刺针所引起的头皮压力性损伤发生情况。结果:试验组采用改良穿刺针进行脑室储液囊穿刺外引流固定时间长于对照组,非计划性拔管发生率低于对照组,试验组颅内感染发生情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义。两组患者由于穿刺针引起的头皮压力性损伤发生情况没有差异,无统计学意义。结论:改良穿刺针进行脑室储液囊外引流穿刺能有效延长固定时间,降低穿刺针非计划性拔管发生率,减少患者颅内感染的发生,且未给患者带来不良反应,适用于临床。

Objective:To explore the effect of modified puncture needle applied to the drainage of ventricular fluid reservoir.Methods:From January 2020 to December 2021,100 patients in the neurosurgery department of our hospital who needed to be placed with ventricular reservoir due to diseases were divided into control group(50 cases)and experimental group(50 cases)according to the first puncture time of ventricular reservoir drainage.In the control group,the disposable scalp needle for intravenous infusion was used to puncture and drain the fluid reservoir of cerebral ventricle according to the traditional method;In the experimental group,the improved puncture needle,namely the Silekou combined scalp needle,was used for external drainage of the ventricular reservoir.The fixation time,incidence of unplanned extubation,intracranial infection and scalp pressure injury caused by puncture needle were compared between the two groups.Results:The time of puncture and external drainage with improved puncture needle in the experimental group was longer than that in the control group,the incidence of unplanned extubation was lower than that in the control group,and the incidence of intracranial infection in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference.There was no significant difference in the incidence of scalp pressure injury caused by puncture needle between the two groups.Conclusion:The improved puncture needle can effectively prolong the fixation time,reduce the incidence of unplanned extubation of the puncture needle,and reduce the incidence of intracranial infection in patients.It is suitable for clinical use.