综合解决拉制小口径火炮膛线表面光洁度低的方法

A Comprehensive Solution to the Low Smoothness of Rifling Surface of Broaching Small Caliber Guns

小口径火炮膛线拉削加工具有小直径深孔加工、内螺旋槽加工工艺特点且兼具高强度合金结构钢高性能加工条件,影响其加工质量的生产工艺条件比大中口径身管更综合、复杂。膛线表面光洁度控制是火炮膛线加工的关键控制环节。针对在刀体工装精度、刀具性能、刀具角度、拉削速度、吃刀量等拉削工艺因素均相对适宜时,拉制的膛线局部表面光洁度低影响表面精度的问题,采用因果分析图法,通过加工原理分析、现场调研,提出了控制切削液压力促强制排屑、油液清洁度保证以及提高拉制基准表面精度等方法,并对相关的方法进行了验证,对控制切削液的压力、温度和粘度、清洁度、基准表面精度等辅助工艺系统的方法进行了分析说明。通过实施强制有效的冷却,强制性排屑,同时减小误差复映影响,从而解决了拉制小口径火炮膛线表面质量差的问题。

Rifling broaching of the small-caliber gun had the characteristics of small-diameter deep hole machining,inner spiral groove machining and the machining condition of high performance of the high-strength alloy structural steel.The production process condition that affected the machining quality of small-caliber gun barrel was more comprehensive and complex.The smoothness control of rifling surface was the key control link of gun rifling machining.Aimed at the problem of knife tooling precision,tools performance,tools angles,broaching speed,depth of cut and other broaching process factors were relatively appropriate,partial low surface smoothness of broached rifling affected the surface accuracy,the causality diagram was used.Through the analysis of the processing principle and field investigation,it was put forward that the controlling cutting fluid pressure to push forced chip removal,and oil cleanliness to ensure and improve benchmark surface smoothness.The relative methods were verified.The method of controlling the pressure,temperature and viscosity of cutting fluid,cleanliness,benchmark surface precision and other auxiliary process system was analyzed and explained.The problem of poor rifling surface quality of drawn small caliber gun was solved by implementing compulsory effective cooling,compulsory chip removal and reducing the influence of error reflection.