优良饲草大麦DH株系的创制及品质评价

Production and Quality Evaluation of Premium Forage Barley Double Haploid Lines

为了创制饲草大麦专用品种的优异中间材料,利用小孢子培养技术构建大麦品种花22和育种中间材料QS3的DH群体,以花22的株高(约80 cm)为参考,在田间筛选高秆、生长旺盛的后代DH株系,并对其农艺性状、抗倒伏性以及饲草品质进行评价。结果表明,在筛选到的63份高秆DH株系中有10份DH株系的抗倒伏能力显著优于亲本花22(P<0.05),其中有6份DH株系的鲜草和干草产量显著高于亲本花22(P<0.05);抗倒伏能力与基部第二节间的直径和充实度呈显著正相关(P<0.05);不同株系之间的饲草品质存在一定差异,其中1份DH株系的粗蛋白含量达到7.00%,2份DH株系的总淀粉含量达到30%以上,均高于花22,说明这3份DH株系的饲草品质优于花22。这些种质材料的获得为培育饲草专用型大麦品种奠定了基础。

Using microspore culture technology,double haploid(DH)populations were created by barley variety Hua 22 and breeding intermediate material QS3 to produce the outstanding intermediate material for forage barley breeding.The plant height of Hua 22(about 80 cm)was used as reference for selecting high-stalk and actively growing DH lines in the field and evaluating their agronomic traits,lodging resistance and forage quality.The results showed that 10 of 63 high-stalk DH lines screened were significantly superior to the parent Hua 22 in terms of lodging resistance(P<0.05),and 6 of them had significantly higher fresh and hay yield than the parent Hua 22(P<0.05).The lodging resistance was positively correlated with the diameter and plumpness of the second basal internode(P<0.05).The forage quality varied among different DH lines,with one DH line containing 7.00%crude protein and two DH lines containing more than 30%starch,both of which were greater than Hua 22,indicating that the forage quality of these three DH lines was superior to that of Hua 22.The collection of these genetic resources has paved the way the development of forage-specific barley varieties.