草原光裸圈的研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Grassland Piosphere

以水源为中心的放牧活动是草场利用的主要方式,由于牲畜的聚集活动导致饮水点附近草场遭到重度干扰,这种以水源为中心,群落和土壤特征发生梯度变化的现象被称为光裸圈(Piosphere)。作为一个生态单元,光裸圈可以很好地揭示出水源、植被、土壤和食草动物之间的相互作用关系,是20世纪以来生态学家重点关注的领域。通过文献整理,综述了光裸圈的产生和发展过程,详述了光裸圈对群落和土壤特征的影响,并对其未来研究方向进行了展望,以期为干旱半干旱区草原生态系统保护和恢复以及我国畜牧业的健康可持续发展提供参考。

The water-centered grazing activity is the main mode of pasture utilization.This phenomenon of gradient changes in community and soil characteristics is known as piosphere,as the aggregation activities of livestock lead to disturbance of pastures near watering points.As an ecological unit,the piosphere can well reveal the interactions between water sources,vegetation,soil and herbivores,and has been a key area of interest for ecologists since the 20^(th) century.In this paper,we reviewed the formation and development of piosphere,and its effects on community and soil characteristics.The paper also presented an outlook on the future research direction of piosphere,and provide a reference for the protection and restoration of grassland ecosystems,and the healthy and sustainable development of China's livestock husbandry in arid and semi-arid regions.