不同规模牧户牧草地绿色生产效率研究--以昭苏县为例

The Study on Pasture Green Productivity Efficiency of Herders with Different Scales--A Case Study in Zhaosu County

基于新疆维吾尔自治区昭苏县277份牧户调查问卷,运用三阶段DEA-Tobit模型,引入环境变量,探讨不同规模牧户牧草地绿色生产效率差异及其影响因素。结果表明:调整前后不同规模牧户牧草地绿色生产效率处于0.5~0.7之间,属于中低效率水平且调整后不同规模牧户之间牧草地绿色生产效率差异较大,中等规模牧户牧草地绿色生产效率比小规模牧户高7.74%,比大规模牧户高23.70%。户主年龄、受教育水平、畜牧业经营年限、从事畜牧业养殖人数、畜牧业收入占比、草场细碎化程度、草场质量、市场对牲畜定价的合理度、绿色发展政策宣传力度、草场距最近农贸市场的距离对不同规模牧户牧草地绿色生产效率都有不同程度的影响。

The study explored the variation in pasture green productivity efficiency of herders with different scales and its affecting factors based on a questionnaire survey by 277 herders in Zhaosu County,Xinjiang,in which environmental variables were introduced into the three-stage DEA-Tobit model.The results showed that when environmental and random factors were considered,the range of pasture green productivity was between 0.5 to 0.7,at a low-to-medium level.Furthermore,the green productivity of pasture fluctuated greatly among the herders with different pasture scales after adjustment.The green productivity of medium-scaled pastures was 7.74%and 23.70%higher than those of small-scaled and large-scaled pastures.In conclusion,the green productivity of pasture was affected by several factors,such as the age and education level of pasture owner,management years,total breeders,the income share of animal husbandry,pasture fragmentation and quality,livestock price in the market,green economy policy publicity,and the distance between pasture and the nearest trade market.