典型海水温度年计算方法及其应用(续)

Generation of Typical Seawater Temperature Year and Its Applications(PartⅡ)

海水温度对利用海洋能的新能源系统(如海水源热泵系统、以海水为冷却介质的发电系统等)的设计和运行起着重要作用。本文通过统计2005—2021年黄海、渤海近海海域海水温度数据,分别计算得出黄海和渤海的典型海水温度年,并分别获得黄海和渤海近海典型年逐日海水温度表达式,能够为海洋能新能源系统的设计和科研提供更为合理的基础数据。通过对比本文计算得到的2021年黄海典型年与2014年黄海典型年海水温度发现,黄海海水温度值增加,月平均温度最高增加0.98℃。同时得到黄海海水极端最高温度为26.2℃;海水极端最低温度为-0.4℃。渤海海水极端最高温度为28.6℃;海水极端最低温度为-1.8℃。与渤海相比,黄海海域海水夏季温度更低,冬季温度更高,更适合作为海水源热泵的低位热源。

Seawater temperature is a critical factor in the design and operation of new energy systems that utilize ocean energy,such as seawater-source heat pumps and power generation systems that use seawater as the cooling medium.In this study,statistical data on the water temperatures in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea near Dalian,China,from 2005 to 2021,were obtained.Thereafter,the daily variation formulas of the annual seawater temperatures were derived,which can provide more reasonable fundamental data for the design and research of ocean energy utilization systems.It was observed that the typical seawater temperatures increased in 2021.The maximum increase in the mean monthly temperature was 0.98℃compared with that in 2014.From 2005 to 2021,the extreme water temperatures in the Yellow Sea were 26.2℃in the summer and-0.4℃in the winter,and the extreme temperatures in the Bohai Sea were 28.6℃in the summer and-1.8℃in the winter.Because the temperatures in the Yellow Sea were lower in the summer and higher in the winter compared with those of the Bohai Sea,the Yellow Sea is more suitable as a heat source for seawater-source heat pumps.