2022年珠江流域暴雨洪水特点分析

Features of rainstorm flood in the Pearl River Basin in 2022

以2022年5月下旬至7月上旬珠江流域系列暴雨洪水过程为研究对象,收集整理水文气象数据,对降雨过程、降雨特点、洪水组成、洪水频率及洪水特点进行总结分析。结果表明:5月下旬至7月上旬珠江流域共发生11次强降雨过程,强降雨历时长、影响范围广、落区高度重叠、短历时降雨强度大,导致西江、北江出现7次编号洪水,珠江流域出现两场流域性洪水,洪水历时长、编号洪水多、洪水量级大。西江洪水以中下游洪水为主,洪水量级不大但干流高水位持续时间长。北江第2号洪水期间上游干流浈江出现接近100年一遇洪水,支流连江出现超100年一遇洪水遭遇,造成下游干流出现超100年一遇特大洪水。

The study focuses on features of rainfall process, flood composition, frequency and characteristics with a collection of hydro-meteorological data, by taking a series of rainstorm and flood processes in the Pearl River basin from late May to early July 2022 as the object. The results indicated 11 heavy rainfall processes in the Pearl River basin from late May to early July. The heavy rainfall lasted for a long time, had a wide range of impacts, a high overlap of rainfall areas and a large rainfall intensity in a short period of time, resulting in 7 recorded floods in the Xijiang River and the Beijiang River, and 2 river basin floods in the Pearl River basin. These floods had features of long duration and large flood magnitude. The flood of the Xijiang River mainly occurred in the middle stream and downstream, with a small flood magnitude but a long duration of high water levels in the mainstream. During the No. 2 flood in the Beijiang River mainstream, the Zhenjiang River upstream experienced a 100-year flood. The Lianjiang River, a tributary of the Beijiang River, experienced an over-100-year flood, which caused an over-100-year flood downstream of the Beijiang River.