机械力信号与部分心血管疾病的发生

Mechanical force signal and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease

机械力信号对多种心血管疾病有着重要的调控作用。机械应力可分为拉伸应力和剪切应力,拉伸应力可影响血管中所有类型的细胞,而剪切应力主要影响内皮细胞,它们通过机械传感器的作用引起细胞内化学信号的变化,从而调控各种生命活动。剪切应力可通过调控炎症相关信号通路调节动脉粥样硬化以及冠心病的发生;各种机械应力可通过调控血管内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞增殖,诱导细胞外基质纤维化,从而增加血压,调节肺动脉高压的发生。并通过调控MAPK、JAK/STAT等信号途径从而调节心脏肥大的发生。文章旨在探究机械力信号与部分心血管疾病发生发展的关系,阐明机械力信号诱发这些心血管疾病的分子机制,从而加深对这些心血管疾病发生发展的认识,为其治疗提供更广的思路。

Mechanical force signals play an important role in the regulation of some cardiovascular diseases.Mechanical stress can be divided into tensile stress and shear stress.Tensile stress can affect all types of cells in blood vessels,while shear stress mainly affects endothelial cells,which cause changes in intracellular chemical signals through the action of mechanosensors,thereby regulating various life activities.Shear stress can regulate the occurrence of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease by regulating inflammation-related signaling pathways;Various mechanical stresses can regulate the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells,and induce fibrosis of the extracellular matrix,thereby increasing blood pressure and regulating occurrence of pulmonary arterial hypertension,and regulate the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy by regulating MAPK,JAK/STAT and other signaling pathways.This review explores the relationship between mechanical force signals and the occurrence and development of some cardiovascular diseases,and expounds the molecular mechanism of mechanical force signals inducing some cardiovascular diseases,thus deepening our understanding of the occurrence and development of some cardiovascular diseases and providing some clues for their treatment.