优质专用小粒黑豆品种选育及其豆制品表现研究

Reserach on the Breeding of High Quality and Special Small Grain Black Bean Varieties and Performance of Bean Products

通过对10个符合专用要求的不同粒色优质小粒黑豆品种进行田间种植,经营养特性分析后观察其豆制品表现。结果表明,黑粒品种生育日数及株高大于黄粒品种粒,黄粒品种百粒重高于黑粒品种,黑粒品种平均单产高于黄粒品种。子洲小黑豆(S5)、府谷小黑豆(S8)、定边小黑豆(S6)产量分别较参试品种平均产量增产7.82%、6.59%、6.08%。黄粒品种粗蛋白、碳水化合物、脂肪含量显著高于黑粒品种,灰分含量低于黑粒品种,不同小粒黑豆品种营养成分含量有差异。2年内发芽率因品种而异,府谷小黑豆(S8)及定边小黑豆(S6)可作为豆芽专用品种。同一品种经卤水处理后的豆腐产量高于酸浆处理。经豆制品品鉴表明,府谷小黑豆(S8)及定边小黑豆(S6)可作为豆腐专用品种;横山狗牙豆(S2)、子洲小黑豆(S5)、神木鸡腰白(S4)、定边白黑豆(S1)、神木连枷条(S9)豆浆口感浓厚,可作为豆浆专用品种。

In this study,ten varieties with different grain color and high quality small grain black beans which meet special requirements were tested by planting,nutrient peculiarity analysis and bean products performance.The results showed that growth days and plant height of black beans varieties were longer than that of yellow beans varieties,The 100-grain weight of yellow beans varieties was higher than that of black beans varieties,and the average yield of black beans varieties was higher than that of yellow beans varieties.The average yield of Zizhou(S5),Fugu(S8)and Dingbian(S6)black beans increased by 7.82%,6.59%and6.08%higher than that of tested varieties,respectively.The contents of crude protein,carbohydrate and fat in yellow beans varieties were significantly higher than those in black beans varieties,and the content of ash was lower than that in black beans varieties.There were differences in the content of nutritional components in different small black beans.The germination rate within two years varies with varieties.Fugu(S8)and Dingbian(S6)small black bean could be used as special varieties for bean sprouts.The yield of bean curd treated with brine was higher than that treated with acid slurry.After tasting bean products show that Fugu(S8)and Dingbian(S6)small black bean could be used as special varieties of bean curd.Hengshangouya(S2),Zizhou(S5),Shenmujiyaobai(S4),Dingbian white(S1)black bean and Shenmulianjiatiao(S9)varieties of soybean milk taste thick,could be used as a special varieties of soybean milk.