阜阳地区大豆病虫害发生情况及防控建议

Occurrence and Control Suggestions of Soybean Diseases and Pests in Fuyang Area

为明确阜阳地区大豆病虫害发生情况,文章通过对阜阳地区三区五县(市)具有代表性的大豆种植田块进行调研,初步掌握阜阳地区大豆病虫害发生及危害状况,预测大豆病虫害发生情况,提出合理化防控建议。结果表明,2019—2020年,阜阳地区发生大豆病害21种,大豆虫害70种,主要病虫害和重点防控对象为点蜂缘蝽、豆荚螟、卷叶螟、大豆食心虫、大豆花叶病毒病、大豆紫斑病、大豆根腐病和症青株等。经预测,阜阳地区未来大豆病害发生仍以紫斑病、病毒病和根腐病为主,虫害以半翅目和鳞翅目昆虫为主。此外,选用抗病品种,科学倒茬、合理轮作结合农业防治、化学防治及统防统治技术可有效防控病虫害发生。

This paper investigated representative soybean planting fields in three districts and five counties(cities)of Fuyang area,and had a preliminary understanding of the occurrence and damage of soybean diseases and insect pests in Fuyang area.From 2019 to 2020,twenty-one soybean diseases and seventy soybean pests occurred in Fuyang area.The main diseases and pests and the key targets for prevention and control were Riptortus pedestris,Etiella zinckenella,Lamprosema indicata,Leguminivora glycinivorella,soybean mosaic disease,soybean purple seed stain,soybean root rot and staygreen syndrome.It was predicted that soybean diseases in Fuyang area in the future would still be mainly soybean purple seed stain,soybean mosaic disease and soybean root rot,and insect pests would be mainly Hemiptera and Lepidoptera.In addition,the selection of disease resistant varieties,scientific crop replacement,reasonable rotation,combined with agricultural control,chemical control and unified control technology could effectively prevent and control the occurrence of diseases and pests.