脂肪族缩水甘油醚的制备与性能及其在轻质材料中的应用

Preparation and Properties of Aliphatic Glycidyl Ether and Its Application in Lightweight Material

以C_(12-14)醇与环氧乙烷、环氧氯丙烷等为原料,合成了低凝固点乙二醇C_(12-14)烷基醚缩水甘油醚(EGAGE),其环氧值为0.28 mol/100 g、25℃时黏度为14 mPa·s、凝固点为-6.9℃,利用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对产物结构进行了表征。将EGAGE与市售活性稀释剂C_(12-14)烷基缩水甘油醚(AGE)进行了详细的对比分析,分别考察了二者的基本性能指标对双酚A型环氧树脂(DGEBA)的降黏效果、固化物的力学性能、热稳定性和耐化学性及对环氧树脂泡沫性能的影响。力学性能测试表明,与纯DGEBA相比,含10%EGAGE的DGEBA,其固化物的弯曲强度、冲击强度和断裂伸长率分别提升了11%,72%和16%。扫描电镜分析表明,EGAGE/DGEBA的断裂方式为韧性断裂,增韧效果良好。热失重和耐化学性分析结果表明,EGAGE/DGEBA的热稳定性更好、耐化学性更优。加入EGAGE的环氧泡沫(EGAGE/ESF)密度为0.798 g/cm^(3)、比强度达到102.41 N·m/kg,EGAGE/ESF具有密度小、吸水率低和比强度高的优点,在轻质复合材料领域中具有极大的应用潜力。

Low freezing point ethylene glycol alkyl(C_(12-14))ether glycidyl ether(EGAGE)was synthesized based on C_(12-14) alcohol,ethylene oxide and epichlorohydrin.The epoxy value,viscosity and freezing point of EGAGE are 0.28 mol/100g,14 mPa·s(25℃)and-6.9℃,respectively.The structure of the product was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR.A detailed comparative analysis was carried out with the commercially available reactive diluent alkyl(C_(12-14))glycidyl ether(AGE),and the basic performance indicators,the viscosity reduction effect on bisphenol A epoxy resin(DGEBA),and the cured products were investigated.The mechanical properties,thermal stability,chemical resistance and effects on the properties of epoxy syntactic foams were studied.The mechanical properties test shows that compared with pure DGEBA,when EGAGE was incorporated into DGEBA at 10%,the flexural strength,impact strength and elongation at break of the cured product are increased by 11%,72%and 16%,respectively.SEM test shows that the fracture mode of the cured product mixed with diluent is ductile fracture,and the toughening effect is good.The results of thermogravimetric mass loss and chemical resistance test show that EGAGE/DGEBA has the better thermal stability and chemical reagent resistance.The epoxy syntactic foam with EGAGE(EGAGE/ESF)has a density of 0.798 g/cm^(3) and specific strength of 102.41 N·m/kg.And EGAGE/ESF has the advantages of small density,low water absorption and high specific strength,and shows a great application potential in the field of lightweight composite material.