聚丙烯单聚合物复合材料的制备方法及应用研究现状

Preparation Methods and Application of Polypropylene Single-Polymer Composites

单聚合物复合材料(SPC)是基体和增强体来自同种聚合物的复合材料,特别在资源循环再生和节能减排方面具有极大优势。不同于常规纤维增强聚合物复合材料的制备工艺,由于基体和增强体的同质特性,特别是相近的熔融温度,使扩展加工温度窗口成为SPC制备的关键技术问题。聚丙烯(PP)SPC具有质量轻、成本低、易回收、界面黏结性好和优良的抗冲击性能等优点。目前所开发的PP SPC制备技术主要有纤维/纤维布直接热压法、膜层热压法、共挤热压法、挤出辊压法、注射成型法等,在汽车护板、防弹、箱包、体育、医用护具和建筑等制品方面得到了广泛应用。

Single-polymer composites(SPCs),of which matrix and reinforcement are from the same polymer,are necessary for terms of resource recycling,energy conservation,and emissions reduction.In comparison with the traditional preparation process of fiber-reinforced polymer composites,the processing temperature window is the key technique to prepare SPCs due to the similar melting temperature of the matrix and reinforcement.Polypropylene(PP)SPCs have lightweight,low cost,easy recyclability,good interfacial adhesion,and better impact resistance.The preparation methods of PP SPCs included the hot compaction of fibers/fabrics,film stacking,co-extrusion compression,extrusion-calendering,injection molding,etc.The PP SPCs have been applied in automobile protective plates,bulletproof,luggage,sports,medical protective equipment,construction,etc.