重新审视山鹿素行的日本思想史地位——临界与转向的双重意义

On Soko Yamaga's Influence on the History of Japanese Thought:Criticality and Diversion

山鹿素行在日本思想史中上承朱子学,下启古学,却仍然是一个“非主流”的思想家,这与他思想的复杂性有着密不可分的关系。整体而言,山鹿素行的思想主要由武士道论、圣学、日本中朝主义构成。虽然构成山鹿素行思想的各个部分都呈现出不同的问题边界,但是在他思想结构的内里显示出了对日本主体的重构意识。它具体表现为“本邦”的主体性需要“中华”予以补充,而脱离了“中华”的影响才能获得“本邦”主体独立的临界状态,这是儒学日本化日臻成熟的体现。与此同时,山鹿素行试图以“神代”论证“皇统”正当性的思想转向与日本国学思想如出一辙,是对建构日本主体性的方法论尝试。

Sogo Yamaga is a critical link in the history of Japanese thoughts,inheriting Zhu-Xi's philosophy and establishing Kogaku.He is a non-mainstream philosopher though,due to the complexity of his thoughts.On the whole,Soko Yamaga's thought consist of Shidouron,Seigaku,and Nihonchuuchoushugi.Although different parts present distinct academic focuses,they show a purpose of reconstructing Japanese subjectivity from the perspective of his ideological structure.To be specific,it can be found that while the Japanese subjectivity necessitates the nutrition of Chinese thoughts,the critical point of an independent Japanese subjectivity can only be obtained through dethatching the Chinese ideological influence,which is the gradual maturing of the Japanization of Confucianism.Meanwhile,the diversion of Soko Yamaga's justifying Koutou with Jindai reverberates with Japanese Kokugaku,which is a methodological attempt at constructing Japanese subjectivity.