胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者术后腰痛的影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Postoperative Low Back Pain in Patients with Thoracolumbar Vertebral Compression Fractures

目的:分析胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者术后腰痛的影响因素。方法:选取2019年1月-2021年12月遵化市人民医院骨科收治的行经皮穿刺椎体成形术(PVP)治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者71例为观察对象,患者术后均接受6个月随访,依据随访期间患者有无发生腰痛分为腰痛组与无腰痛组。比较两组基线资料,并通过单因素与多因素分析胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者术后发生腰痛的影响因素。结果:经单项Logistic回归分析并建立多元回归模型行多因素分析,年龄(≥60岁)、骨质疏松症、单纯注入骨水泥、体重指数过高、骨水泥注入量过多、Cobb角矫正度过低是胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者术后发生腰痛的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论:胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者术后发生腰痛可能与年龄、骨质疏松症、单纯注入骨水泥等因素有关,临床应重视患者术后早期腰痛风险评估,针对有术后腰痛高危因素的患者,应及时采取合理方法干预,可能对减少术后腰痛发生、改善患者预后有积极意义。

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of postoperative low back pain in patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2021,71 patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures who received percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)in the Zunhua People's Hospital were selected as the observation objects.All patients were followed up for 6 months after surgery,and were divided into low back pain group and no low back pain group according to the presence/absence of low back pain during the follow-up period.The baseline data of the two groups were compared,and the influencing factors of postoperative low back pain in patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results:The univariate Logistic regression analysis and multivariate analysis using the established multivariate regression model showed that age(≥60 years old),osteoporosis,simple injection of bone cement,high body mass index,excessive amount of bone cement injected,and low Cobb angle correction were the influencing factors of postoperative low back pain in patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion:The occurrence of low back pain in patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture may be related to age,osteoporosis,simple injection of bone cement and other factors,clinical attention should be paid to the risk assessment of early postoperative low back pain,the timely and reasonable intervention should be taken for patients with high risk factors of postoperative low back pain,which may have a positive significance for reducing the occurrence of postoperative low back pain and improving the prognosis of patients.