产学研融合创新破局:“高校-国企”伙伴关系视角

Breakthrough of Industry–University-Research Integration Innovation:Perspective of"University-State-owned Enterprise"Partnership

深入、系统探讨我国国有企业在产学研体系中潜在功能的不同侧面,以促进产学研融合,进而推动技术创新尤其是关键核心技术创新。运用案例比较法,通过梳理美国产学研融合创新的经验,对比探究我国国有企业特别是中央企业在产学研融合创新中所应发挥的作用。研究发现,美国大型企业和中介性组织发挥着缓解信息不对称、降低交易成本和提供“耐心资本”的功能;相比之下,我国高校和科研院所、中小微企业、大型企业和中介性机构4类主体都存在明显短板,大学难以充分发挥引领产学研融合创新的作用,而国有企业在社会主义市场经济体制、所属行业产业以及跨界整合中均具有比较优势。因此,发挥国有企业在产学研体系的创新引领力不失为破局之方。国有企业的比较优势令其能够通过与高校建立伙伴关系以弥补产学研体系的功能缺失,从而促进市场需求和创新主体有效对接,推动关键核心技术攻关并构建新型举国体制。

The potential roles of the state-owned enterprises in Chinese industry-university-research triangle are deeply and systematically studied to promote industry innovations,especially the innovations of the core technology.Through a case comparisons,the analysis finds that in the industry-university-research system in the developed countries,especially US,large enterprises and intermediary organizations can merge the gap of information misconnection,reduce the transaction costs and provide the"patient capital".In contrast,Chinese universities and research institutes,small and medium-sized enterprises,large enterprises and intermediary institutions all encounter challenges to fulfill the functions aforementioned,and it might be difficult for universities to lead the industryuniversity-research system,but the state-owned enterprises have comparative advantages in the socialist market economy system,their respective industries and cross-border integration,therefore,it it can be an alternative to break the situation to give full play to the innovation and leadership of state-owned enterprises in the industry-universityresearch system.The comparative advantages of the state-owned enterprises make them possible to establish partnerships with colleges and universities to make up for the lack of functions in the industry-university-research system,thus to promote the effective connection between market demand and innovation entities,and to promote the research of core technologies and build a new nationwide system.