性灵诗学的践行——清代画家奚冈诗歌研究

A Practice of Xingling Poetics in the Qing Dynasty——Analysis of the Painter Xi Gang

奚冈是清代著名篆刻家、书画家、诗人,与丁敬、黄易、蒋仁并称“西泠四家”。目前学界对以袁枚为中心的性灵诗派的研究中,奚冈少被提及。不过从奚冈“出真性”的诗论主张,清人阮元、吴锡麒、汤礼祥、吴昆田、梁绍壬、魏锡曾等对奚冈诗歌的评价,奚冈禀“才”之“奇”与诗之“奇”,奚冈诗歌“抒写性灵”的艺术旨趣,以及奚冈诗歌与袁枚诗歌诸多相似等方面来看,奚冈虽未列名性灵派,但诗歌创作与性灵诗学主张相契合,成为性灵诗学众多践行者之一,共同推动了性灵诗学对乾嘉诗坛的影响。

Xi Gang is a famous seal engraver,painter and poet,and he was called“Four Artists of Xiling Seal Engravers’Society”with Ding Jing,Huang Yi and Jiang Ren.So far,in the research of Yuan Mei Xingling poetic school,Xi Gang hasn’t been discussed by Academia.But,from his“true disposition”evaluation standard for poetry,and the evaluations of Ruan Yuan,Wu Xiqi,Tang Lixiang,Wu Kuntian,Liang Shaoren and Wei Xizeng in the Qing Dynasty,Xi Gang’s peculiar temperament infused into his poetry and the artistic characteristics to express the disposition,and his technique is similar to that of Yuan Mei’s.Xi Gang wasn’t the member of Xingling poetic school,but his poetry tallied with the Xingling poetics.He became one of practitioners of Xingling poetics objectively,and promoted the influence of Xingling poetics on parnassus in the period of Qianlong and Jiaqing.