《兄弟》的生存悖论

The Survival Paradox of Brother

李光头和宋钢是余华有意设置的对照形象:前者沉溺于肉欲,奉行利己主义原则,积极进取却无视道德;后者坚守精神的家园,恪守利他主义原则,安分守己,守护着传统道德。极致叙事的背后呈现了现代社会伦理颠覆、浮躁纵欲的生存图景,也凝聚了作者之于个体生命力的辩证思考。李光头和宋钢殊途同归的命运,直指人类生存的悖论和普遍困境:传统道德抚慰在世灵魂,却无力拯救委顿的身体,自由个体伦理释放了欲望,激活了个体原始生命力,却坠入虚无深渊。身体与灵魂,永恒分裂在生存之途。

Li Guangtou and Song Gang are the contrast images that Yu Hua intended to set up:the former,indulging in lust,pursues the principle of egoism,positive enterprising but ignores morality;the latter,adhering to the spiritual homeland,abides by the principle of altruism,keeps oneself in peace,and guards traditional morality.Behind the extreme narrative,it presents the survival prospect of modern social ethics subversion and impetuous desire,and also embodies the dialectical thinking of the author on individual vitality.The fates of Li Guangtou and Song Gang in different ways directly refer to the paradox and universal dilemma of human existence:the traditional morality soothes the living soul,but is unable to save the weary body;the free individual ethics releases desire,and activates the original vitality of individual,but falls into the abyss of nothingness.The body and soul are eternally divided in the way of survival.