微生物转化法制备纳米硒及有机硒的研究进展

Research Progress on Preparation of Nano-Selenium and Organic Selenium by Microbial Transformation

硒是人体必需的微量元素之一,是许多重要酶的活性中心,人体硒缺乏可能会引起多种疾病的产生。自然界中,硒元素主要以亚硒酸盐(Se^(4+))、硒酸盐(Se^(6+))的形式存在,无机硒具有较强的细胞毒性,难以被人体吸收,安全剂量范围较窄,利用微生物制备的纳米硒和有机硒具有较高的生物活性、较低的毒性,易于吸收,安全、高效、环保等优势。目前,利用微生物转化无机硒制备的纳米硒和有机硒的应用越来越广。文章主要综述了微生物制备纳米硒和有机硒的微生物种类、所制备的纳米硒及有机硒的表征方法与检测技术、相关转化机制以及在各领域的应用介绍,为微生物制备纳米硒及有机硒的研究应用提供理论支撑。

Selenium is one of the essential trace elements of human body and the active center of many important enzymes.The lack of selenium in human body may cause a variety of diseases.In nature,selenium is mainly selenite(Se^(4+))and selenate(Se^(6+))exists in the form of inorganic selenium.Inorganic selenium has strong cytotoxicity and is difficult to be absorbed by human body.The safe dose range is narrow.Nano-selenium and organic selenium prepared by microorganisms have the advantages of high biological activity,low toxicity,easy absorption,safety,high efficiency and environmental protection.At present,nano-selenium and organic selenium prepared by microbial transformation of inorganic selenium are more and more widely used.This paper mainly summarizes the microbial species,transformation and utilization law of microbial preparation of nano-selenium and organic selenium,the characteristics and characterization methods of nano-selenium and organic selenium,the relevant transformation mechanism and its application in various fields,so as to provide theoretical support for the basic research and application prospect of microbial preparation of nano-selenium and organic selenium in the future.