贵州省医院感染管理质量控制指标的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of quality control index of healthcare-associated infection management in Guizhou Province

目的 了解贵州省二级及以上医疗机构医院感染监测基本情况,及时发现问题,为院感防控工作提出新的思路和工作方向。方法 通过卫生专网在网络平台上报或电子调查表形式收集2018年1月1日—12月31日院感相关质控指标。结果 本次调查医疗机构共257家,医院感染发生率为0.64%,抗菌药物使用率为46.72%,抗菌药物治疗前病原学送检率为37.95%,Ⅰ类切口手术部位感染率为0.48%。血管内导管相关血流感染发生率、呼吸机相关肺炎发生率和导管相关泌尿系感染发生率分别为0.717‰、5.752‰和1.806‰;除导尿相关尿路感染发生率外,不同地区、级别的医疗机构上述指标进行比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 贵州省二级医疗机构应从微生物实验室建设及抗菌药物的合理使用等方面针对性地加强医院感染防控管理,降低医院感染的发生。

Objective To understand the current basic situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) monitoring in secondary and above medical institutions in Guizhou Province,and to discover problems in time to propose new ideas and work directions for HAI prevention and control.Methods The quality control indicators related to HAI were collected from January 1,2018 to December 31,2018 through reporting on the network platform or electronic questionnaire through the health special network.Results A total of 257 medical institutions were investigated,the incidence of HAI was 0.64% and the usage rate of antibiotics was 46.72%.The rate of etiological inspection before antibiotic treatment was 37.95%,the incidence of infection in the surgical site of the first incision was 0.48%.The incidence of intravascular catheter-related bloodstream infection,ventilator-related pneumonia and catheter-related urinary tract infection were 0.717‰,5.752‰ and 1.806‰,respectively;except for the incidence of catheter-related urinary tract infection,the above indicators of medical institutions at all levels in different regions were compared and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Secondary medical institutions in Guizhou Province should strengthen the management of HAI prevention and control in terms of construction of microbiology laboratories and rational use of antibiotics,so as to reduce the incidence of HAI.