情景模拟式术前排尿训练对全脑血管造影术后患者排尿情况的影响

Effect of scenario simulation preoperative urination training on patients'urination after whole cerebral angiography

目的探讨情景模拟式术前排尿训练对全脑血管造影术后患者排尿情况的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年1—9月在解放军总医院第一医学中心神经内科五病区经股动脉穿刺行全脑血管造影术的300例患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,各150例。对照组给予神经介入围手术期常规护理方法,在术前1 d进行常规床上排尿训练;观察组在术前1 d在对照组基础上进行情景模拟式排尿训练。比较两组患者的术后首次排尿方式(自行排尿、诱导排尿、导尿)及患者舒适度。结果观察组患者自行排尿率高于对照组、留置导尿率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组术后1 h内排尿率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组患者的舒适度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对经股动脉穿刺行全脑血管造影术患者术前进行情景模拟式床上排尿训练,可以提高患者术后自行排尿率,缩短首次排尿时间,降低术后排尿困难、尿潴留的发生,提高患者舒适度。

Objective To explore the effect of scenario simulation urination training before whole cerebral angiography on postoperative urination.Methods From January to September 2021,300 patients who underwent whole cerebral angiography via femoral artery puncture in the Fifth Ward of Neurology Department,the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital were selected as the study subject by convenient sampling.The patients were divided into the observation group and the control group according to random number table,150 cases in each.The control group was given routine nursing during the perioperative period of nerve intervention,and routine urination training in bed was carried out one day before the operation.The observation group was given scenario simulation urination training on the basis of the control group one day before operation.The first postoperative urination mode(spontaneous urination,induced urination,catheterization)and patient comfort were compared between the two groups.Results The spontaneous urination rate of patients in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the indwelling catheterization rate was lower than that in the control group,with statistical differences(P<0.01).The urination rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group within one hour after whole cerebral angiography,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.01).The comfort of patients in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.01).Conclusions Patients undergoing whole cerebral angiography through femoral artery puncture can improve their postoperative spontaneous urination rate,shorten the first urination time,reduce the occurrence of postoperative dysuria and urinary retention,and improve their comfort by performing scenario simulation bed urination training before operation.